Network Working Group J. Mattsson Internet-Draft D. Migault Intended status: Standards Track Ericsson Expires: November 25, 2017 May 24, 2017 ECDHE_PSK with AES-GCM and AES-CCM Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol version 1.2 draft-ietf-tls-ecdhe-psk-aead-05 Abstract This document defines several new cipher suites for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol version 1.2. The cipher suites are all based on the Ephemeral Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman with Pre-Shared Key (ECDHE_PSK) key exchange together with the Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) algorithms AES-GCM and AES- CCM. PSK provides light and efficient authentication, ECDHE provides forward secrecy, and AES-GCM and AES-CCM provides encryption and integrity protection. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on November 25, 2017. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 1] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. ECDHE_PSK with AES-GCM and AES-CCM Cipher Suites . . . . . . 3 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. Requirements notation The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. 2. Introduction This document defines new cipher suites that provide Pre-Shared Key (PSK) authentication, Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS), and Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD). The cipher suites are defined for version 1.2 of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) [RFC5246] protocol and version 1.2 of the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol [RFC6347]. Pre-Shared Key (PSK) Authentication is widely used in many scenarios. One deployment is 3GPP networks where pre-shared keys are used to authenticate both subscriber and network. Another deployment is Internet of Things where PSK authentication is often preferred for performance and energy efficiency reasons. In both scenarios the endpoints are owned/controlled by a party that provisions the pre- shared keys and makes sure that they provide a high level of entropy. Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) is a strongly recommended feature in security protocol design and can be accomplished by using an ephemeral Diffie-Hellman key exchange method. Ephemeral Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDHE) provides PFS with excellent performance and small key sizes. ECDHE is mandatory to implement in both HTTP/2 [RFC7540] and CoAP [RFC7252]. Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 2] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 AEAD algorithms that combine encryption and integrity protection are strongly recommended for (D)TLS [RFC7525] and non-AEAD algorithms are forbidden to use in TLS 1.3 [I-D.ietf-tls-tls13]. The AEAD algorithms considered in this document are AES-GCM and AES-CCM. The use of AES-GCM in TLS is defined in [RFC5288] and the use of AES-CCM is defined in [RFC6655]. [RFC4279] defines Pre-Shared Key (PSK) cipher suites for TLS but does not consider Elliptic Curve Cryptography. [RFC4492] introduces Elliptic Curve Cryptography for TLS but does not consider PSK authentication. [RFC5487] describes the use of AES-GCM in combination with PSK authentication, but does not consider ECDHE. [RFC5489] describes the use of PSK in combination with ECDHE but does not consider AES-GCM or AES-CCM. 3. ECDHE_PSK with AES-GCM and AES-CCM Cipher Suites The cipher suites defined in this document are based on the AES-GCM and AES-CCM Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) algorithms AEAD_AES_128_GCM, AEAD_AES_256_GCM, AEAD_AES_128_CCM_8 defined in [RFC6655] and AEAD_AES_128_CCM defined in [RFC5116]. Messages and premaster secret construction in this document are defined in [RFC5489]. The ServerKeyExchange and ClientKeyExchange messages are used and the premaster secret is computed as for the ECDHE_PSK key exchange. The elliptic curve parameters used in in the Diffie-Hellman parameters are negotiated using extensions defined in [I-D.ietf-tls-rfc4492bis]. For TLS 1.2, the following cipher suites are defined: TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = {0xTBD,0xTBD}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = {0xTBD,0xTBD}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 = {0xTBD,0xTBD}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_SHA256 = {0xTBD,0xTBD}; The assigned code points can only be used for TLS 1.2. The cipher suites defined in this document MUST NOT be negotiated for any version of (D)TLS other than TLS 1.2. Servers MUST NOT select one of these cipher suites when selecting TLS version other than TLS 1.2. A client MUST treat the selection of these cipher suites in combination with a different version of TLS as an error and generate a fatal 'illegal_parameter' TLS alert. Cipher suites TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 and TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256 are used to support equivalent functionality in TLS 1.3 [I-D.ietf-tls-tls13]. Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 3] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 4. IANA Considerations This document defines the following new cipher suites, whose values have been assigned in the TLS Cipher Suite Registry defined by [RFC5246]. TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 = {0xTBD; 0xTBD} {0xD0,0x01}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 = {0xTBD; 0xTBD} {0xD0,0x02}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256 = {0xTBD; 0xTBD} {0xD0,0x03}; TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_SHA256 = {0xTBD; 0xTBD} {0xD0,0x05}; NOTE TO THE RFC EDITOR: PLEASE REMOVE THIS PARAGRAPH. The cipher suite numbers listed in the last column are numbers used for cipher suite interoperability testing and it's suggested that IANA use these values for assignment. 5. Security Considerations The security considerations in TLS 1.2 [RFC5246], DTLS 1.2 [RFC6347], PSK Ciphersuites for TLS [RFC4279], ECDHE_PSK [RFC5489], AES-GCM [RFC5288], and AES-CCM [RFC6655] apply to this document as well. All the cipher suites defined in this document provide confidentiality, mutual authentication, and forward secrecy. The AES-128 cipher suites provide 128-bit security and the AES-256 cipher suites provide at least 192-bit security. However, AES_128_CCM_8 only provides 64-bit security against message forgery. The Pre-Shared Keys used for authentication MUST have a security level equal or higher than the cipher suite used, i.e., at least 128-bit for the AES-128 cipher suites and at least 192-bit for the AES-256 cipher suites. GCM or CCM encryption - even of different clear text - re-using a nonce with a same key undermines the security of GCM and CCM. As a result, GCM and CCM MUST only be used with a system guaranteeing nonce uniqueness [RFC5116]. 6. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Ilari Liusvaara, Eric Rescorla, Dan Harkins, Russ Housley, Dan Harkins, Martin Thomson, Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos, Peter Dettman, Xiaoyin Liu, Joseph Salowey, Sean Turner Dave Garrett, Martin Rex and Kathleen Moriarty for their valuable comments and feedback. Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 4] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 7. References 7.1. Normative References [I-D.ietf-tls-rfc4492bis] Nir, Y., Josefsson, S., and M. Pegourie-Gonnard, "Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS) Versions 1.2 and Earlier", draft-ietf-tls- rfc4492bis-17 (work in progress), May 2017. [I-D.ietf-tls-tls13] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3", draft-ietf-tls-tls13-20 (work in progress), April 2017. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC4279] Eronen, P., Ed. and H. Tschofenig, Ed., "Pre-Shared Key Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)", RFC 4279, DOI 10.17487/RFC4279, December 2005, . [RFC5116] McGrew, D., "An Interface and Algorithms for Authenticated Encryption", RFC 5116, DOI 10.17487/RFC5116, January 2008, . [RFC5246] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, DOI 10.17487/RFC5246, August 2008, . [RFC5288] Salowey, J., Choudhury, A., and D. McGrew, "AES Galois Counter Mode (GCM) Cipher Suites for TLS", RFC 5288, DOI 10.17487/RFC5288, August 2008, . [RFC6347] Rescorla, E. and N. Modadugu, "Datagram Transport Layer Security Version 1.2", RFC 6347, DOI 10.17487/RFC6347, January 2012, . [RFC6655] McGrew, D. and D. Bailey, "AES-CCM Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)", RFC 6655, DOI 10.17487/RFC6655, July 2012, . Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 5] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 7.2. Informative References [RFC4492] Blake-Wilson, S., Bolyard, N., Gupta, V., Hawk, C., and B. Moeller, "Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)", RFC 4492, DOI 10.17487/RFC4492, May 2006, . [RFC5487] Badra, M., "Pre-Shared Key Cipher Suites for TLS with SHA- 256/384 and AES Galois Counter Mode", RFC 5487, DOI 10.17487/RFC5487, March 2009, . [RFC5489] Badra, M. and I. Hajjeh, "ECDHE_PSK Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)", RFC 5489, DOI 10.17487/RFC5489, March 2009, . [RFC7252] Shelby, Z., Hartke, K., and C. Bormann, "The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)", RFC 7252, DOI 10.17487/RFC7252, June 2014, . [RFC7525] Sheffer, Y., Holz, R., and P. Saint-Andre, "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)", BCP 195, RFC 7525, DOI 10.17487/RFC7525, May 2015, . [RFC7540] Belshe, M., Peon, R., and M. Thomson, Ed., "Hypertext Transfer Protocol Version 2 (HTTP/2)", RFC 7540, DOI 10.17487/RFC7540, May 2015, . Authors' Addresses John Mattsson Ericsson AB SE-164 80 Stockholm Sweden Phone: +46 76 115 35 01 Email: john.mattsson@ericsson.com Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 6] Internet-Draft ECDHE_PSK_AEAD May 2017 Daniel Migault Ericsson 8400 boulevard Decarie Montreal, QC H4P 2N2 Canada Phone: +1 514-452-2160 Email: daniel.migault@ericsson.com Mattsson & Migault Expires November 25, 2017 [Page 7]